BIOREMEDIATION
saving our environment, one microorganism at a time
LEARN MORE FACTS
DID YOU KNOW?
"According to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), 80 percent of pollution in marine environment comes from the land through sources like runoff." HS1
WHAT IS BIOREMEDIATION?
Bioremediation is a natural process of incorporating microorganisms to counteract and remove any harmful waste in polluted water, soil, or any other subsurface material. Enzymes or microorganisms start off by breaking down the floating contaminants into smaller pieces. As soon as they are broken down, the microbes consume the small contaminants as a source of food for energy. However, bioremediation requires precise environmental conditions in order to reproduce successful working microorganisms to target the waste within the community. ​(Figure A.1)
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This process works in a manner of using fertilizer, temperature, and oxygen to successfully grow bacteria and fungi that will survive in a well-adapted living condition.This method is widely used in areas like oil spills because of its quick and easy process depending on a number of factors. Nonetheless, this innovative technique is essentially solving worldwide environmental problems as bioremediation is cost-effective and it only requires a minimal amount of energy to produce.
Shaily Mahendra: Bioremediation
Generally, microbial cultures or microorganisms are grown under very specific circumstances.
STEP ONE
STEP TWO
STEP THREE
broken down into 3
main steps to purify water
THE
BIOREMEDIATION
PROCESS
BIOREMEDIATION FACTORS
Here are 6 crucial requirements for bioremediation to be successful
Figure A.1 H6
The microbes then filter out the contaminants in the polluted water by using them as a food source.
Once the microbes are grown, they will be transferred and introduced to contaminated sites.
ELEMENT THREE
ELEMENT FOUR
ELEMENT TWO:
Temperature:
Appropriate temperature levels must be kept at 0 - 40 ËšC for microbial growth
ELEMENT THREE:
pH Level:
Must be at around 6.5 - 7.5 for best results
Nutrition:
Phosphorus, Nitrogen, Sulfur and a variety of other key nutrients help sustain the microbial growth
ELEMENT FOUR:
Water Supply:
Soil moisture must contain 50–70% of the water holding capacity of the soil
ELEMENT FIVE:
Oxygen Supply:
About 2% oxygen in the gas phase or 0.4 mg/liter in the soil water
ELEMENT SIX:
Microbial Population:
Specific microorganisms that can biodegrade contaminants
ELEMENT ONE:
ELEMENT
ONE
ELEMENT
TWO
ELEMENT
THREE
ELEMENT
FOUR
ELEMENT
FIVE
ELEMENT
SIX
HOW COULD BIOREMEDIATION AFFECT OUR EVERYDAY LIVES?
85% of African children under the age of five, contract diseases that are caused by a lack of clean drinking water
WATER POLLUTION
IN AFRICA
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About 1.1 billion people from rural and urban communities of developing countries come face to face with life threatening waterborne diseases due to the poor water conditions. The waterborne diseases are caused by a variety of microorganisms and the exposure to untreated and hazardous water contaminations. Polluted water in places like Africa and India cause 1.4 million deaths per year. Infectious diseases like Dysentery and Cholera are common outbreaks because of the water containing deadly parasites and bacteria.
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Climate change is also very likely to contribute towards an increase in diarrheal disease. Because waterborne diseases are often linked to a severe precipitation events like heavy rainfall or snowfall, people all over the world can be exposed to ​the outbreaks. The change in pH and nutrients can result in the degradation of freshwater that surrounds many communities.
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Bioremediation offers numerous benefits for contaminated sites and towards many countries anywhere with its ability to put a stop in the growing water pollution rate. The form of bioremediation is sustainable, natural, and can be recycled back through the environment without any production of toxic waste.
DISCOVER
REINIER BAUTISTA
BIOTECHNOLOGY ACADEMY | SHELDON HIGH SCHOOL
8333 Kingsbridge Drive Sacramento, CA 95829
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Email: reinier.b1121@gmail.com